INITIATION

An initiation is an analogy to a conception.

Conception

A conception consists of two parts:

1. Fertilization: The sperm of the genetic father fertilizes the egg of the genetic mother.
2. Implantation: The fertilized egg implants.

When the fertilized egg implants, the mother (in whom the fertilized egg implants) becomes a natural guardian and the fertilized egg becomes a human being.

Initiation

An initiation consists of two parts:

1. Request: Someone files a request for parental authority over a newborn with the civil registration authority.
2. Approval: The civil registration authority approves the request for parental authority over a newborn.

When the civil registration authority approves the request for parental authority over a newborn, someone is granted parental authority and the newborn becomes a citizen.

A citizen is a human being with nationality.

Nationality

Nationality is inherited from the natural guardian.

The mother (in whom the fertilized egg implants) is the natural guardian. Even if the mother has no genetic relation to the fertilized egg.

After the birth and before the initiation, the natural guardian can give the natural guardianship to either the genetic father or the genetic mother. The recipient must give consent.

If the natural guardian has given the natural guardianship to either the genetic father or the genetic mother, then either the genetic father or the genetic mother is the natural guardian.

A genetic relation is established by DNA testing. Marriage is no guarantee of a genetic relation.

Parental authority

Parental authority is granted by the civil registration authority upon approval of a request for parental authority over a newborn.

A request for parental authority over a newborn is filed with the civil registration authority where the newborn's natural guardian resides.

Approval of a request for parental authority over a newborn can have five different outcomes:

1. If the natural guardian requests a partner, and both the natural guardian and the partner request parental authority, the newborn inherits the nationality of the natural guardian and both the natural guardian and the partner are granted parental authority.
2. If the natural guardian requests a partner, but only the natural guardian requests parental authority, the newborn inherits the nationality of the natural guardian and only the natural guardian is granted parental authority.
3. If the natural guardian requests a partner, but only the partner requests parental authority, the newborn inherits the nationality of the natural guardian and only the partner is granted parental authority.
4. If the natural guardian does not request a partner, and the natural guardian requests parental authority, the newborn inherits the nationality of the natural guardian and only the natural guardian is granted parental authority.
5. If the natural guardian does not request a partner, and the natural guardian does not request parental authority, or if the natural guardian requests a partner, and neither the natural guardian nor the partner requests parental authority, the newborn inherits the nationality of the natural guardian and an adopter or adoptive couple is granted parental authority.

The holders of parental authority are responsible for the child’s development of school readiness and bear responsibility for the child until the child reaches the age of majority.